While I certainly wouldn’t label a signet style as a complex
sculpted surface, NURBS based tools (such as Rhino) are still the
best tool for certain types of designs (such as signet rings).
Terrain editors are very handy for adding certain types of detail to
single surfaces. They work by the heightfield process, a process that
uses a gradient from black to white to describe a 3D surface, black
being the lowest point, white being the highest, and shades of gray
everything in-between. Bryce, Vue de Esprit, ArtCam, and a plethora
of other available programs are based on this process, and are
extremely limited in the creation of sculptural forms, being only
able to “extrude” a flat surface into a 3 dimensional terrain. ArtCam
does have the ability wrap the flat surface onto other surfaces
though. A far better heightfield displacement tool is zBrush as it
can displace textures normal to (meaning perpendicular to) a surface,
be it doubly curved or flat.
Users of Polygon and Sub-Division Surface type programs are likely
to be the most proficient in the creation of highly detailed, complex
sculpted surfaces. Some of the programs in this more expensive genre
are Maya, SoftImage, 3dsMax, and LightWave. They are more commonly
used for film production and gaming, but through the stl format (a
triangulated surface description), files created in these programs
can be produced in the real world by both additive and subtractive
processes.
There is a degree of interoperability between all these software
through the use of common file exchange formats. One can have the
best of all three genre; NURBS (Rhino), heightfield (ArtCam), and
poly/SubD (Maya), in order to produce virtual objects for production
in the physical world. There are however, severe limitations which
can be worked around within limits. As the years roll by, more and
more of the interoperability limitations are vanishing. Rhino, for
instance, in its next release, will feature polygon and possibly
Sub-Division Surface capability, and it already has heightfield
capability.
ArtCam should not be confused with a modeling program. Although it
does have some limited capability of surfacing, it is more of a
detailing program in it’s current scope. To work on any but the
simplest ring in ArtCam, the ring would have to be created in a
program outside of ArtCam (such as Rhino) and imported into it so
details (such as lettering or heightfield extrusions, etc) can be
added. It is actually quite brilliant in it’s implementation of bas
relief type extrusions. Cimagraphi is another contender in this
arena, and is also extremely capable for the same type of work as
ArtCam. I do expect to see continuing improvement in the jewelry mfg
field from ArtCam as DelCam, the authors, have expressed a sincere
desire to make it the best tool for jewelers in this class.
As a jewelry maker in the quest to model anything I can imagine, I
attempt to transcend the limitations of individual software by using
at least one software of each type and transferring files between
them when necessary. I must admit though, that in the real world,
Rhino is the program I use more for than 90% of my work. It is an
extremely capable 3D modeling tool.
Jeffrey Everett