Hi, Everybody, it’s time for another short lesson in medical history
and pharmacology.
For eons maternal gonorrhea was transmitted to babies during birth,
causing ophthalmia neonatorum and resulting in some 10 to 12% of the
world’s blindness. A very big deal! In the mid-nineteenth century a
physician (as I recall in Vienna) introduced a new routine
procedure. After the baby’s first bath, with care that bathwater did
not get in the eyes, one drop of 2% silver nitrate was instilled into
each eye, then washed out. The result was almost total elimination of
the ophthalmia/blindness problem in his hospital. The method was
widely adopted and carried his name, The Crede Prodedure, and was
mandated by law in the USA.
Crede was standard when I was in medical school and internship.
Silver nitrate is a true chemical poison and simply wipes out the
bacteria. There were rare cases of chemical burns from too many
drops, waiting too long before washing it out and, perhaps, from too
strong a solution. It was remarkable, however, and the bugs never
developed a resistance.
Then penicillin came along, effectively killing the bugs and not
able to burn the tissue. Political pressures built up and many laws
were changed to allow antibiotic drops to replace the silver nitrate.
But penicillin is not a chemical poison and bugs are smart. Before
long there were penicillin resistant strains of the gonococcus and
we lost our grip on some 120 years of progress! When I was in the
Army in 1968 I took care of a newborn who had gonorrheal corneal
ulcers in both eyes-sadly we lost that battle!
All this is to point out that there is a very long history of a
silver salt as an important therapeutic agent. In a much weaker
concentration silver nitrate (I think 0.5%) was a highly respected
over the counter remedy known as Argerol. It was popular for pink
eye, colds, sore throats, etc. We would occasionally see a patient
who used Argerol eye drops “all the time” and had argerosis, the
steely-blue discoloration on the inside of the eye lids.
Colloidal silver is something entirely different. Heaven only knows
what’s in the preparations on the market, but to qualify as a
colloid they should contain submicroscopic metallic silver particles
suspended in whatever liquid they have chosen. In contrast to
colloidal gold, which does have a medicinal history, I’m not aware of
any established therapeutic benefit of colloidal silver.
Copper, of course is well known to have some toxic effects. Because
of it’s lovely color and great thermal-conductivity it has been
popular for cooking pots. However, the toxic effects of too much
copper in food generated a whole industry. I’ll bet Helen could give
us some of the colorful history of TINNERS in old England.
Stay well,
Dr. Mac